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Primary 6 · Percentage · Question type 3.2

P6 Percentage: Percentage Increase and Decrease

Measure a change against the amount you started with. That is the 100%, whether the change goes up or down.

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Primary 6, on the MOE Primary Mathematics syllabus.

In the Percentage chapter9 question types · see the chapter

The lesson · 2 minutes 41 seconds

How do you calculate percentage increase and decrease in P6?

Watch: a fair that drew 400 people last year and 500 this year

Another worked example

A worked example

Last month a stall sold 3 times as many cookies as muffins. This month the number of muffins sold went up by 40% and the number of cookies sold went up by 15%. Altogether the stall sold 340 more items this month than last month. How many muffins did the stall sell last month?

The working · Eight lines

The step-by-step working

Written out in full, the way it should appear on paper.

  1. muffins last month = 100 units
  2. cookies last month = 3 × 100 = 300 units
  3. more muffins = 40% of 100 units = 40 units
  4. more cookies = 15% of 300 units = 45 units
  5. more items altogether = 40 + 45 = 85 units
  6. 85 units = 340
  7. 1 unit = 340 ÷ 85 = 4
  8. 100 units = 100 × 4 = 400

The answer is 400 muffins.

Practise · Modelled on top school exam questions

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Try it yourself

Measure the increase in the total

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A shop had 300 T-shirts and 200 caps. The number of T-shirts was increased by 20% and the number of caps did not change. Find the percentage increase in the total number of items in the shop.

%

Show the step-by-step solution
  1. increase in T-shirts = 20/100 × 300 = 60
  2. total at first = 300 + 200 = 500
  3. percentage increase in the total = 60/500 × 100% = 12%

Ans: 12%

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Next, apply two percentage changes in sequence. Successive Percentage Changes →

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